Does Paying Off a Personal Loan Early Hurt Credit? | Capital One (2024)

November 16, 2023 |5 min read

    A personal loan is a type of installment loan where you borrow a sum of money and usually pay it back in equal amounts over a set period of time. It’s a closed-ended credit account—unlike a revolving credit account—meaning once the loan is paid in full, the account is closed.

    Personal loans typically come with a fixed interest rate and repayment term. But if you find yourself with extra cash before the repayment term is over, it could be tempting to pay off the loan early. Before you do, you might want to consider how paying off a personal loan early can affect your credit scores and overall financial situation.

    Key takeaways

    • In most cases, you can pay off a personal loan early. Your credit score might drop, but it will typically be minor and temporary.
    • Paying off an installment loan entirely can affect your credit score because of factors like your total debt, credit mix and payment history.
    • The benefits to paying off a personal loan include reducing your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio and saving on interest over the course of the loan.
    • Before deciding to pay off a personal loan early, it’s a good idea to check whether there’s a prepayment penalty.

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    Can you pay off a personal loan early?

    It could be possible to pay off your personal loan early—and the idea of saving money on interest doesn’t hurt.

    But first, it’s worth taking some time to make sure you won’t be charged a penalty for paying off your loan ahead of time. If that’s the case, you might want to consider whether your current surplus would be better spent on higher-interest debts or put toward your savings.

    There’s also your credit to consider.

    Does paying off a personal loan early hurt your credit scores?

    Yes, paying off a personal loan early could temporarily have a negative impact on your credit scores. But any dip in your credit scores will likely be temporary and minor. And it might be worth balancing that risk against the possible benefits of paying off your personal loan early.

    You might be wondering, “Isn’t paying off debt a good thing?” And generally, it is. But credit-scoring companies look at several factors when determining your scores. Things like your credit mix, payment history and total debt can be affected by paying off a personal loan.

    Benefits of paying off a personal loan early

    If paying off your personal loan early is part of your debt payoff strategy, here are a few potential advantages to consider:

    Reduce your debt-to-income ratio

    DTI ratio measures how much debt you have compared to your income. Lenders often use your DTI ratio to decide whether or not—and at what rate—you can manage monthly payments. And paying off a personal loan could improve your DTI ratio since it reduces your amount of debt.

    Save on interest

    When you borrow a personal loan, you agree to an annual percentage rate (APR), which is the price you pay to borrow money. Each loan payment you make will include an additional amount of interest on top. Typically, the rate varies based on your creditworthiness. The lower your credit scores, the higher your APR might be, which is more money out of your pocket.

    But say you pay off your loan one year early—that’s 12 payments, including interest, you won’t have to make. You might want to read the fine print of your loan terms for any prepayment fee and compare that to the interest you could save.

    Reasons why you might not pay off a personal loan early

    Paying down debt is generally a smart financial move. But there are certain situations when you might choose to continue making regular payments on a personal loan rather than pay it off early.

    If you have a low interest rate

    If you currently have a low interest rate on your personal loan, it could be worth first paying off other debts you may have. For example, if you have both a personal loan with a low interest rate and a credit card with a high interest rate, you may decide to put any extra money toward paying down the credit card debt.

    If paying down the loan would deplete an emergency fund

    Using cash to pay off a personal loan can reduce your overall monthly payment obligations. But you might reconsider if you’re using money from an emergency fund to pay down this debt. That’s because it’s a good idea to have cash readily available if an unexpected event were to occur.

    If your credit scores are going to be reviewed in the near future

    Paying off an installment loan entirely can result in a slight temporary dip in your credit scores. If you know your credit scores are going to be reviewed as part of an application for a mortgage or an auto loan, you might choose to postpone paying off a personal loan.

    If there’s a prepayment penalty

    Some lenders may charge a fee if you pay off your personal loan before the term ends. Called a prepayment penalty, it’s meant to protect the lender from losing revenue on interest.

    Before paying off a personal loan early, you might want to read the agreement or ask the lender about its prepayment terms. It could also be possible to pay off the loan early without a prepayment penalty if you pay it off within certain parameters. For example, a lender might allow you to pay up to a certain percentage of the total balance annually before charging a fee.

    Paying off a personal loan early in a nutshell

    Paying off a personal loan early can have advantages and disadvantages. Even though your credit score may take a slight hit, paying off a loan early can lower your DTI ratio and help you save on interest.

    Worried about your credit fluctuating when you pay off a personal loan early? Even if your score drops a few points, you could use other credit-building methods to repair or maintain a good credit score. Before paying off the loan, you can see how it might affect your credit score with the CreditWise Credit Score Simulator from Capital One. CreditWise from Capital One lets you monitor your credit health for free—without impacting your credit score.

    Whether you choose to pay off your personal loan early or put any extra cash toward something else is up to you. By understanding the pros and cons of an early payment, you can make informed decisions with your money.

    Does Paying Off a Personal Loan Early Hurt Credit? | Capital One (2024)

    FAQs

    Does Paying Off a Personal Loan Early Hurt Credit? | Capital One? ›

    The answer here is, surprisingly, yes. In certain situations, paying off a personal loan early can affect your credit – in both good and bad ways. That said, the possible negative effect on your credit typically isn't enough to negate the benefits of an early payoff.

    Does Capital One penalize for early payoff? ›

    Are there any pre-payment penalties for paying off my loan? Capital One does not charge any prepayment fees. You may pay off either a portion of your loan or the entire amount at any time without incurring any fees or penalties.

    Will paying off a personal loan early hurt your credit score? ›

    Yes, paying off a personal loan early could temporarily have a negative impact on your credit scores. But any dip in your credit scores will likely be temporary and minor. And it might be worth balancing that risk against the possible benefits of paying off your personal loan early.

    Is it bad to pay off a personal loan fast? ›

    Paying off loans early could cause a small dip in your score if you don't have any other installment loans, like a car loan. However, if you have a healthy mix of accounts, including credit cards and installment loans, the drop should be small.

    Does your credit score go down when you pay off a loan? ›

    It's possible that you could see your credit scores drop after fulfilling your payment obligations on a loan or credit card debt. Paying off debt might lower your credit scores if removing the debt affects certain factors like your credit mix, the length of your credit history or your credit utilization ratio.

    Why did my credit score drop 40 points after paying off debt? ›

    If you take out a loan to consolidate debt, you could see a temporary drop because of the hard inquiry for the new loan. Your credit score can take 30 to 60 days to improve after paying off revolving debt. Your score could also drop because of changes to your credit mix and the age of accounts you leave open.

    Does it look good to pay off loan early? ›

    So, if you're still in the process of building or repairing your credit scores, paying off a personal loan early means you could potentially lose out on months (or even years) of demonstrating a positive payment history.

    Is it good to clear personal loan early? ›

    Early repayment of personal loans comes with both advantages and disadvantages. Settling the loan sooner results in reduced interest payments to the lender and an enhanced credit score. Nevertheless, this may entail higher monthly EMI payments in comparison to others.

    Will my credit score increase if I pay off credit cards with a personal loan? ›

    You Could Boost Your Credit Score

    Taking out a personal loan increases your credit mix, which makes up 10% of your score. It shows creditors and lenders that you're responsible with money by carrying many different types of credit and debt. You'll also lower your credit utilization by paying down your debt.

    How many points does a personal loan drop your credit score? ›

    A hard inquiry can reduce your credit score one to five points, even if you're not approved for the loan in the end. If you miss a payment on your loan, even just once, your score could drop up to 180 points. Even after you've paid off your personal loan, the account will stay on your credit report for up to 10 years.

    Should I repay my personal loan early? ›

    If you find you have a bit more money in your account you might decide to repay your loan early. This could mean you end up paying back less in interest in the long term. It's important to remember that if you repay your loan early, you will be charged an Early Repayment Fee.

    Is it bad to pay off self loan early? ›

    If you pay off the personal loan earlier than your loan term, your credit report will reflect a shorter account lifetime. Your credit history length accounts for 15% of your FICO score and is calculated as the average age of all of your accounts.

    Is it smart to take out a personal loan for a down payment? ›

    Most banks will not accept a personal loan as a down payment on a house because it indicates that you might not be the most reliable borrower. Taking out a personal loan also increases your debt-to-income ratio, or DTI. To get this number, divide your gross monthly income by your monthly recurring debt.

    How to raise your credit score 200 points in 30 days? ›

    Try paying debts and maintaining your credit utilisation ratio of 30% or below. There are two ways through which you can pay off your debts, which are as follows: Start paying off older accounts from lowest to highest outstanding balances. Start paying off based on the highest to lowest rate of interest.

    What credit score do you need to get a $30,000 loan? ›

    This allows them to look at your history from the past seven years and see whether you've typically made payments on time. For a $30,000 loan, you'll typically need a credit score above 600 just to qualify or above 700 to get a competitive rate.

    How much will my credit score go up if I pay off a collection? ›

    VantageScore® 3.0 and 4.0, the most recent versions of scoring software from the national credit bureaus' joint score-development venture, ignore all paid collections and all medical collections, whether paid or unpaid. As a result, those accounts will not affect your VantageScore.

    Can you pay off Capital One early? ›

    The short answer is yes, there can be benefits to paying your credit card early. But there's more to understanding how making credit card payments could help you boost your credit scores. Paying your credit card early means paying your balance before the due date or making an extra payment each month.

    Is there a penalty for early payoff? ›

    A prepayment penalty (also known as an early payoff fee) is an additional fee charged by some lenders if you pay off your loan early. All personal loans come with a specified loan term — a.k.a. the amount of time you have to completely repay the loan balance (plus interest) you borrowed.

    Does one main penalize for early payoff? ›

    OneMain doesn't charge any prepayment penalties, so if you want to pay off your loan early, you can. You won't be penalized with a fee as you would with some lenders. Your loan payment is due once a month, but you can pay extra to settle your debt more quickly.

    Does paying off a credit card early hurt credit? ›

    Paying your credit card early does not affect your credit score in and of itself, but how it impacts your other finances does. If you pay your bill early and lower your credit utilization from 70% to 30%, that can have a positive impact on your credit score.

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